The composition of Fushun oil shale (OS) was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X⁃Ray Diffractomer(XRD).The effects of transition metal salt catalysts (shale ash as a carriers on NiCl ₂·6H ₂O, CuCl ₂·2H ₂O, ZnCl ₂) on the catalytic effect of pyrolysis of OS and precipitation of volatilization were investigated by TG⁃MS. Coats⁃Redfern model was used to analyze the effect of transition metal salt catalyst on the activation energy of OS pyrolysis. The results show that the minerals in OS are mainly composed of quartz, aluminosilicate and a small amount of carbonate, and the organic matter is mainly aliphatic compound. Three transition metal salt catalysts can all promote the pyrolysis of OS. The OS can be rapidly pyrolyzed at 390.1~581.8 ℃ when it is pyrolyzed alone, accounting for 76.19% of the total weight loss. According to the kinetic analysis, the activation energy required by OS pyrolysis can be reduced by the transition metal salt catalysts. NiCl ₂·6H ₂O has the highest capacity (18.7 kJ/mol) to reduce the activation energy of OS pyrolysis, which is 23.55% lower than that of OS pyrolysis alone. The catalytic activity of the transition metal salt catalysts are in a sequence of NiCl ₂·6H ₂O>CuCl ₂·2H ₂O>ZnCl ₂. In addition, the transition metal salt catalysts can also promote the cracking, aromatization and coking of volatiles in the pyrolysis of the OS, Thereby increasing the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons (represented by alkanes and alkenes) and aromatic hydrocarbons in volatiles.

In view of the shortcomings of the existing accident causation models, such as simple listing and superposition of causative factors, not considering the coupling effect between factors, unable to make quantitative analysis and so on,a new nonlinear multi⁃factor coupling accident causation model was proposed and applied to the prevention of oil depot accidents. In the new model, the calculation formulas of the main influencing factors, the influence coefficient and the multi factor coupling rheological nonlinear damage were proposed. The most prominent feature of the model is that it can distinguish the dynamic influence of the rheology of the main influencing factors on the damage of the complex system under the coupling action of multiple factors. MATLAB software was used to simulate the changing state of the oil depot system after single factor rheology, main influencing factor rheology and non⁃main influencing factor rheology. The results show that the main factor affecting the safety of oil depot is the lack of safety consciousness,and the lack of safety consciousness of oil depot personnel has the greatest influence on other factors. For oil depot accident prevention, according to the nonlinear multi⁃factor coupling accident cause model proposed in this paper, it is necessary to take effective measures to control the main influencing factors and seize the main time nodes.

In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of fault diagnosis of power supply and distribution system in intelligent buildings, a fault diagnosis method based on Bayesian network and wavelet transform was proposed. Firstly, the topological structure of power supply and distribution network in intelligent buildings was analyzed in detail in theory. Secondly, the switching and electrical quantities in fault information were filtered and reorganized by wavelet transform. Finally, the fault information after the reorganization was modeled and analyzed by Bayesian network, and the fault diagnosis results were obtained. In this paper, the process of extracting electrical and switching quantities from fault information was introduced in detail. According to the fault characteristics of the existing intelligent building power supply and distribution system, the corresponding recovery strategy was given. IEEE⁃39 multi⁃node complex power fault system is taken as an example, the simulation results show fault diagnosis result of the proposed method is fast and accurate. The research results have important reference value for fault diagnosis research of intelligent building power supply and distribution network.

A single terminal fault location method for overhead transmission lines in general interconnected power system with n⁃bus was proposed. High accuracy in fault location was achieved by using both an accurate distributed parameters model for the faulted transmission line, and a two⁃bus Thevenin equivalent network model for the power system that accurately accounted for its inter connectivity. The method was tested by using transient fault data obtained from MATLAB simulations of an 11⁃bus interconnected power system. The results show that the method is capable of estimating the fault distance with high accuracy for various fault conditions. And it is sensitive to errors in the value of the local bus impedance, but insensitive to errors in the value of the remote bus impedance.

TG was used to study the thermogravimetric behavior of Fushun oil shale at different heating rates in argon atmosphere. Four thermal kinetic models, DAEM model, Coats⁃Redfern method, FWO method and Doyle method, were compared and analyzed. The results show that the results of different dynamic model analysis are different: Coats⁃Redfern method, activation energy (E) has little change, and E belongs to the average value in a certain temperature range, which increases with the increase of heating rates as a whole. E is 109.40 kJ/mol when the heating rate is 20 ℃/min. The E of the DAEM model, the Doyle method, and the FWO method all increase with the increase of conversion rate. In addition, the E obtained by the DAEM model and the FWO method are relatively close, the DAEM model has the highest coefficient of determination. Therefore, the DAEM model is the most suitable for the kinetic analysis of Fushun oil shale pyrolysis among four thermodynamic analysis methods.

The stability of heavy crude oil emulsion is very important in the heavy crude oil transportation. However, in the pipeline transportation process, the oil⁃water volume ratio, water content (water quality fraction) and other factors have a certain influence on the stability of the heavy crude oil emulsion. The microstructure, stability mechanism of emulsion and the role of focused beam reflection measurement (FBRM) technology in the study of stability of emulsion were introduced. The comprehensive effects of different factors such as oil⁃water ratio, water content and additives on emulsion stability were comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the research status of dynamic stability of emulsions was introduced. The main factors affecting the stability of heavy crude oil emulsions are oil⁃water volume ratio, water content, emulsification temperature and salinity, surfactants, alkaline agents. High molecular polymer used to enhance recovery of heavy crude oil also have effect on the stability of emulsion. The dynamic stability of the emulsion was studied by different simulation methods, and the results were similar. Among them, the loop simulation method had the most reference value

Because there is a large error defect of predicting the severe fluctuating fire data by traditional grey forecasting model, the article expends the original data sequence of grey prediction model using Taylor formula and expends Lagrange type remainder, which modified the traditional grey forecasting model and improved the traditional grey prediction algorithm. The article used Matlab software to program, and used the traditional gray prediction algorithm and improved gray prediction algorithm,respectively.Then the article selected three sets of data to predict aiming at the mini zone bathtub shape fire accident. As the results show that: modified grey forecasting model prediction curve gives satisfactory accuracy comparing to the characteristic of bathtub curve, which has a high consistency with the original data.And the poor quality, large error and low accuracy is improved. Compared with the traditional grey prediction model, the error of the improved grey prediction model has reduced 86.59%, 55.32%, and 55.70%, respectively. The prediction results of the improved grey prediction model can meet the requirements in three aspects: accuracy, relative error and correlation.

      Power grid is diagnosed after a failure to prevent the fault occurred by inferring the information that the fault generated.The method of model prediction (MP) and abductive reasoning network(ARN) is proposed to forecast the power system fault. MP predicted the troublefree operation data of the power grid by using historical data, and compared with the actual grid runtime data, the difference was calculated and used as the input of fault diagnosis system. ARN was used to bulid the fault diagnosis system and solve the complicated relationships between data processing and the corresponding candidate fault section. The fault location can be found before protection device and circuit breaker by combining the method of MP and ARN. The test results showed that the model prediction method can quickly and accurately diagnose the fault compared with BP neural network method.

As the cement slurry hydration speed is slow, the curing time is long and the increase of cement early compressive strength is slow in the low temperature cementing of conductor and surface casing, it is easy to result in oil, gas and water invasion which impairs cementing quality and operation safety. In view of the fact that the accelerator is lack in cementing of low temperature shallow formation currently at home, some accelerators have poor effectiveness and significant negative impact on slurry rheology etc, a new compound accelerator WSA1 was selected by laboratory study. The performance of slurry that mixed WSA1 was systematically evaluated. The result shows that the accelerator WSA1 can enhance the hydration of oil well cement, shorten the thickening time of cement slurry and significantly improve the early compressive strength of cementstones, which all accord with the requirement of the accelerator evaluation criterion. When WSA1 addition amount is 3%, the thickening time of cement slurry can be shortened more than 50%, the 6 h strength of cementstones enhanced from 3.2 MPa to 11.3 MPa and the 24 h strength of cementstones enhanced from 24.3 MPa to 46.1 MPa. Accelerator WSA1 is a kind of highperformance compound accelerator, which can be used in low temperature shallow formation and has no effect on the initial consistency and rheological parameter of cement slurry. 

The modification solid catalyst HMS by phosphotungstic acid was prepared by insitu synthesis from DDA, TEOS, and phosphotungstic acid, and applied in pMethoxy acetophenone production with the FriedelCrafts acylation reaction of phenyl methyl ether and Acetic anhydride.The factors including reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst amount, reactants molar ratio phenyl methyl ether to Acetic anhydride on the FriedelCrafts acylation reaction were investigated. The experimental effects show that solid acid catalyst HMS has high catalytic activity.The acylation reaction conversion can reach 83.1% and the selectivity of pMethoxy acetophenone production is 97.3% under the following optimal conditions: reaction temperature of 100 ℃, reaction time of 4 h, amount catalyst of 0.15 g, molar ratio of n( anisole)∶n(acetic anhydride) =1∶1.5.

Through conducting numerical simulation on the combustion and heat transfer process of the boiler, under the conditions of the different temperature the temperature distribution and volume fraction distribution of the pollutant in the combustion chamber were predicted. The results show that when the furnace temperature met the production requirement if the secondary and tertiary air is preheated to a high-temperature, the total amount of air and coal are both reduced. Meanwhile, the amount of the pollutants could be reduced to achieve the purpose of energy-saving and emissions-reduction. As the increasing air temperature, the furnace temperature at the same section is more uniformity, thus the water wall tube would be heated uniformly, which is helpful for water cycle stability in boiler.Therefore, combustion technology of high temperature and low oxygen could be used in the pulverized coal boiler. To reach high-temperature air, a solar air-heater should be installed on boilers tail to utilize solar energy to assist the flue gas waste heat to heat the secondary and tertiary air to 873 K above.